Since tungsten (W) was considered as the most promising plasma facing materials (PFMs) in fusion reactors. there has been extensive research on the physical performance of W-PFMs. It is found that under the extreme conditions in a fusion reactor. W-PFMs should be in a nonequilibrium state of high electronic temperature and low ionic temperature. https://www.rivervalleydanceac.com/product-category/vertical-flags-outdoors/